Understanding how communities respond to COVID-19: experiences from the Orthodox Jewish communities of Antwerp city

Abstract Background The importance of community involvement in the response against disease outbreaks has been well established. However, we lack insights into local communities’ experiences coping with current COVID-19 pandemic. This study explored both impact of, and to, within Orthodox Jewish communities Antwerp (Belgium) during first lockdown period (March 2020 – May 2020). Methods We conducted an explorative qualitative using a participatory approach. First, performed mapping to identify relevant stakeholders. Through active advisory board based on interviews key-informants members, elicited lived experiences, attitudes, perceptions towards COVID-19. Interviews were face-to-face online web conferencing technology. Data analyzed inductively according principles thematic analysis. Results Government-issued outbreak control measures presented context-specific challenges Antwerp. They related mainly remote organization religious life, practicing physical distancing socially culturally strongly connected communities. Existing resources rapidly mobilized adapt self-organize initiatives leaders risk communication proved be great facilitate coverage uptake pandemic while protecting essential values traditions. Creating bottom-up community-adapted strategies, including addressing language barriers involving Rabbis dissemination prevention messages, fostered feeling trust government’s measures. unmet information needs also identified, such as need for inclusive by public authorities mitigate negative effects stigmatization. Conclusion demonstrate valuable example feasible community-centered approach health emergencies. Increasing engagement decision-making governance structures remains key strategy respond needs.